“Cold” spark plugs normally have a short heat flow path. This results in a very quick rate of heat transfer. Additionally, the short insulator nose found on cold spark plugs has a small surface area, which does not allow for a massive amount of heat absorption.
On the other hand, “hot” spark plugs feature a longer insulator nose as well as a longer heat transfer path. This results in a much slower rate of heat transfer to the surrounding cylinder head.
The heat range of the spark plug must be carefully selected in order to create an optimal thermal performance. If the heat range is not correct, you can expect serious trouble. Typically, the appropriate firing end temperature is 900-1,450 degrees. Below 900 degrees, carbon fouling is possible. Above it, overheating becomes an issue.
